The Relationship Between Knowledge and Parent Care Patterns With Mental Retardation Children Ability in Self-Care

Abstract

Mental retardation is a condition marked by low intelligence (IQ <70). The data obtained from the education office of padang there are 75% of children with mental retardation. The purpose is knowing the relationship of knowledge and parenting parents with the ability of children mental retardation in self care in Extraordinary School Negeri 2 Padang. The research is analytic descriptive with the cross-sectional approach with data collecting conducted by interview using a questionnaire. The population in research are the parents of mentally retarded children who attend school at Extraordinary School 2 Padang with a sample size of 65 people. The data analysis used is univariate and bivariate analysis, processed by computerization. The results showed that the inability of self-care mental retardation children as much (41.5%), low knowledge parents as much (41.5%) and parents parenting not good (49.2%). The statistical test concluded that there is a significant correlation between knowledge (p=0,007), parenting (p = 0,034) with the ability of child mental retardation in self care at Extraordinary School 2 Padang. It is expected that parents of children with mental retardation to improve their child's self-care abilities by collaborating with parents and teachers in teaching children in self-care both at school and home by applying a simple.

Retardasi mental merupakan kondisi ditandai oleh intelegensi yang rendah (IQ < 70). Data diperoleh dari Dinas Pendidikan Kota Padang terdapat 75% anak dengan retardasi mental. Tujuan penelitian ini  hubungan pengetahuan dan pola asuh orang tua dengan kemampuan anak retardasi mental dalam perawatan diri di SLB Negeri 2 Padang. Jenis penelitian ini deskritif analitik dengan pendekatan cross setional, penelitian dilakukan di SLB Negeri 2 Padang dari bulan Maret s/d Juli 2017.Populasi penelitian adalah orang tua anak retardasi mental yang bersekolah di SLB Negeri 2 Padang dengan jumlah sampel 65 orang, pengambilan sampel dengan cara total sampling. Analisa data yang digunakan yaitu analisa univariat dan bivariat, diolah dengan komputerisasi. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan bahwa ketidakmampuan perawatan diri anak retardasi mental sebanyak (41,5%), orang tua berpengetahuan rendah sebanyak (41,5%) dan orang tua pola asuh tidak baik sebanyak (49,2%). Uji statistik disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan (p=0,007), pola asuh (p=0,034) dengan kemampuan anak retardasi mental dalam perawatan diri di SLB N 02 Padang. Diharapkan kepada orang tua anak retardasi mental untuk meningkatkan kemampuan perawatan diri anak dengan kerjasama orang tua dan guru dalam mengajarkan anak dalam perawatan diri baik disekolah maupun dirumah dengan menerapkan cara berkomunikasi yang sederhana, ringkas, dan mudah.